As the world’s population increases and resources become more limited, new methods of construction must be adopted. Modern Methods of Construction (MMC) is a term used to describe construction processes that employ innovative approaches to design, technology, materials, and techniques. These methods are designed to save time, money, and energy while producing better quality structures. It is somewhat confusing as to the different types of MMC because the authors have somewhat of a differing opinion on how to categorize. All Offsite Construction Methods are considered MMC however not all MMC categories are Offsite Construction. Offsite construction can be defined as
“Building components or entire structures built away from their final destination, at a separate facility or location from the construction site.”
Common forms of MMC are:
Volumetric: These use pre-manufactured three-dimensional units that are reassembled on site. Volumetric buildings are made up of units that are shopped separately. Typically a volumetric building will be complete up to 90% in the factory including all the electrical, mechanical and finishing leaving only the complexing and final inter connections for the site. Inter connects in volumetric construction are the sections of electrical or mechanical connections required to take the building from separate units to a completed building.
Panels: Uses a variety of materials, from sheet metal to timber panels, which are manufactured in factories and assembled onsite. The panels can be completed with siding on the exterior and interior finishes to provide a closed wall system. Open panels are also used as a form of panelized construction where the interior is left to be finished on site and leaves the wall exposed to allow for mechanical and electrical runs.
Precast: This traditional method involves concrete elements that are poured and cured in factories before being transported to the site for installation. Precast is one of the oldest MMC forms, but has been refined over time with innovative methods such as tilt up and wall panels where precast units can
Sub assemblies: A sub assembly is a group of components that are manufactured and joined together to form a larger unit. This type of construction is used in in apartment buildings, commercial structures and industrial facilities. Components can be built with traditional materials such as steel and concrete or more modern materials such as mass timber. Another example of where sub assemblies can be used is with MEP racks that are assembled offsite, transported to the construction site and lifted into place.
Recent innovation:
3D printing: Is a newer technology in the construction environment. This technology uses computer-aided design (CAD) software programs and specialized 3D printers to create structures layer by layer instead of cutting them out from larger blocks of material like traditional construction methods do. 3D printing offers various advantages over traditional methods including cost savings from reduced labor requirements as well as greater accuracy with regard to dimensions since it allows for precise measurements during production instead of relying on manual calculations or estimates made at the job site. Additionally, 3D printed structures tend to be lighter than those created with more traditional methods due to their ability to produce complex shapes with fewer materials than would otherwise be required for fabrication purposes alone.
Modern Methods of Construction (MMC) offer many advantages over traditional building processes including reduced labor costs; quicker project timelines; less waste; improved quality control; and greater accuracy with regard to dimensions. Utilizing these new technologies can help architects, developers and other professionals involved in construction projects stay ahead of the curve while saving time and money in the long run. With MMC continuing its rise into prominence within the industry it will be important for anyone working within it stay informed about these modern practices so that they are able take full advantage all that they have offer!
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